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Vaccination: Meningitis Vaccine
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Effectiveness of the pneumococcal polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines in elderly and high-risk populations in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease: A systematic search and review of the literature
Conclusion: The results from this review indicate a reduction of IPD in elderly and high-risk populations vaccinated with PPV23 and PCV13. The protective effect may be lower in elderly individuals >80 years and in individuals with comorbidities. However, the literature is sparse and large-scale prospective studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of PPV23 and PCV13 vaccination in adults in protecting against IPD.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - December 1, 2022 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sikjaer, M., Wik, M. S., Stensholt, S. S., Hilberg, O., Lokke, A. Tags: 10.01 - Respiratory infections and bronchiectasis Source Type: research
The Effectiveness of Disaster Risk Communication: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies
The objectives of the interventions were to improve the health knowledge and behaviour in relation to disasters, and to decrease the incidence of negative health events. The studies were chosen on that basis, and several studies reported additional outcomes that were outside the scope of this review. The knowledge, behaviour and incidence outcomes are described in detail in Appendix 3 (characteristics and results of included studies).
Results of Individual Studies
1 Effect of Risk Communication Interventions to Promote Disaster Mitigation and Preparedness
1.1 Communication to Promote Mitigation and Preparedness for Infec...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - August 22, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: dtbradley Source Type: research
Spontaneous reports of primary ovarian insufficiency after vaccination: A review of the vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS)
CONCLUSIONS: POI is rarely reported to VAERS. Most reports contained limited diagnostic information and were submitted after published cases of POI following HPV vaccination. Results of our review do not suggest a safety concern.PMID:36732165 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.038
Source: Vaccine - February 2, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: A Patricia Wodi Paige Marquez Adamma Mba-Jonas Faith Barash Kosal Nguon Pedro L Moro Source Type: research
Proteomic Analysis and Virulence Assessment of Granulicatella adiacens Secretome
In conclusion, we unraveled the secretome of G. adiacens, an oral bacterium well-documented in infective endocarditis, but also recently shown to be involved in oral infections. Importantly, the secretome of G. adiacens comprised of a large number of putative virulence factors. Of particular importance is the finding that the G. adiacens secretome comprised of a number of “moonlighting” proteins, which in other species are shown to enhance bacterial colonization and virulence through their multifunctional roles (Pavkova et al., 2017; Graf et al., 2019). Thus, our results provide a basis for investigating th...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
The Role of Media and the Internet on Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting: A Case Study of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination
Conclusions: We demonstrate that media coverage and Internet search activity, in particular, may promote increased adverse event reporting. Public health officials who have long recognized the importance of proactive engagement with news media must now consider strategies for meaningful participation in Internet discussions.
Source: Journal of Adolescent Health - November 18, 2013 Category: Child Development Authors: Jan M. Eberth, Kimberly N. Kline, David A. Moskowitz, Jane R. Montealegre, Michael E. Scheurer Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence examined was determined to be of low certainty and suggests that prophylactic penicillin significantly reduces risk of pneumococcal infection in children with homozygous SCD, and is associated with minimal adverse reactions. Further research may help to determine the ideal age to safely withdraw penicillin.PMID:33724440 | DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003427.pub5
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 16, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Angela E Rankine-Mullings Shirley Owusu-Ofori Source Type: research
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic penicillin significantly reduces risk of pneumococcal infection in children with homozygous sickle cell disease, and is associated with minimal adverse reactions. Further research may help to determine the ideal age to safely withdraw penicillin.
PMID: 25375222 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 6, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hirst C, Owusu-Ofori S Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research
Disparities in PCV impact between different ethnic populations cohabiting in the same region: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: While differences in IPD and pneumonia rates between resource-poor and resource-rich populations were decreased following PCV introduction, disparity is still apparent and is not fully eliminated in any of the studies. Younger (<2years) populations in resource-poor populations seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
PMID: 27443591 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - July 17, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Segal N, Greenberg D, Dagan R, Ben-Shimol S Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Cost Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Vaccination in Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
ConclusionOur review demonstrated that an infant PCV programme was a cost-effective intervention in most LMICs (in 20 of 22 studies included). The results were sensitive to vaccine efficacy, price, burden of disease and sponsorship. Decision makers should consider EE findings and affordability before adoption of PCVs.
Source: PharmacoEconomics - August 9, 2016 Category: Health Management Source Type: research
Indirect (herd) protection, following pneumococcal conjugated vaccines introduction: A systematic review of the literature.
CONCLUSION: Invasive pneumococcal diseases and pneumonia rates among the adult population decreased in most countries following PCV introduction into the NIP. This indirect effect on older population seems to be dependent on PCV coverage rates and time from PCV nationwide implementation. Adults >65years old seem to benefit the most from PCV introduction.
PMID: 28449971 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Vaccine - April 24, 2017 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Tsaban G, Ben-Shimol S Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research
Spatial Distribution of Invasive Pneumococcal Serotypes in West Africa: A Retrospective Analysis to Inform Immunization in Persons with Sickle Cell Disease
Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first attempt to aggregate IPD serotype data across West Africa. While the majority of serotypes identified are included in PCV13, two serotypes exclusive to PPSV23 (2 and 12F) together accounted for 8.1% of the total IPD burden. Moreover, in some countries, the proportion of strains included in PPSV23 and not PCV13 is higher. Immunizing persons with SCD in West Africa with PPSV23 therefore may be warranted to optimize protection from IPD. Furthermore, as PCV13 vaccination coverage increases, it is possible that the epidemiology of IPD may shift to more strains exclusively covered ...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Carsillo, T., Amegan-Aho, K. H., Feller, A., McIntosh, A., Spector, J., Obaro, S. K. Tags: 114. Hemoglobinopathies, Excluding Thalassemia-Clinical: Poster III Source Type: research
B Cell Reconstitution and Influencing Factors After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
Nicolaas G. van der Maas, Dagmar Berghuis, Mirjam van der Burg and Arjan C. Lankester*
Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
B cell reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is variable and influenced by different patient, donor, and treatment related factors. In this review we describe B cell reconstitution after pediatric allogeneic HST, including the kinetics of reconstitution of the different B cell subsets and the development of the B cell repertoire, and d...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 11, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Incidence and Prevention of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Global Mass Gathering Events
ConclusionsMass gathering events increase IMD risk among attendees and their close contacts. Vaccines preventing IMD caused by serogroups ACWY and B are available and should be recommended for mass gathering attendees.FundingPfizer.
Source: Infectious Diseases and Therapy - August 29, 2019 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Educational interventions for health professionals managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary care
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence of efficacy was equivocal for educational interventions for health professionals in primary care on the proportion of COPD diagnoses confirmed with spirometry, the proportion of patients with COPD who participate in pulmonary rehabilitation, and the proportion of patients prescribed guideline-recommended COPD respiratory medications. Educational interventions for health professionals may improve influenza vaccination rates among patients with COPD and patient satisfaction with care. The quality of evidence for most outcomes was low or very low due to heterogeneity and methodological limitations of...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 6, 2022 Category: General Medicine Authors: Amanda J Cross Dennis Thomas Jenifer Liang Michael J Abramson Johnson George Elida Zairina Source Type: research
